More Science, Can You Believe It?

Impaired glucose tolerance in low-carbohydrate diet: maybe only
a physiological state

https://www.physiology.org/doi/pdf/10.1152/ajpendo.00580.2013

ties in with a lot of Peter at Hyperlipid's thoughts on "physiological insulin resistance"

Plant-animal subsistence ratios and macronutrient energy estimations in worldwide hunter-gatherer diets

https://academic.oup.com/ajcn/article/71/3/682/4729121

actually ties in with recent research like PURE and the Czech study into world dietary intakes

Heart disease is common in humans and chimpanzees, but is caused by different pathological processes

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3352420/

the money shot

"This difficulty in inducing advanced lesions in rodent and rabbit models is in stark contrast to the prevalence of severe atherosclerosis in humans, which occurs even in some individuals with mildly elevated LDL levels and no other obvious risk factors (Vasan et al. 2005). Indeed, despite statin treatment of their hypercholesterolemia 70% of such patients still have adverse cardiovascular events (Steinberg 2008).

The clinical manifestations of atherosclerosis also tend to be much commoner in humans than in nonhuman primates. While captive great apes have a relatively healthy diet from the perspective of atherosclerotic risk (low in cholesterol and saturated fat), this is not reflected in their serum lipid profiles."

There. the Chimpanzee Paradox, to add to the French, Israeli, Bulgarian and all the other paradoxes. Or as anyone with half a functional brain might think, the diet heart hypothesis/cholesterol hypothesis has failed yet again.

Effects of a high-protein ketogenic diet on hunger, appetite, and weight loss in obese men feeding ad libitum

https://academic.oup.com/ajcn/article/87/1/44/4633256

"It is well recognized that LC diets promote reductions in fasting
glucose and insulin concentrations (54) and improve insulin
sensitivity (59). Indeed, decreases in fasting insulin concentrations
have been reported after 3 or 4 d of consumption of a
low-carbohydrate diet (60, 61), and improvements in HOMA
have been noted within 2 wk (62). In view of current theories that
insulin resistance is a precursor for many other obesityassociated
morbidities (63), the use of a low-carbohydrate diet
may be a preferred option, at least in the early phase of weight
loss. It is not known, however, whether these effects persist or
whether insulin insensitivity returns rapidly when carbohydrate
intake is increased."

Well thirteen years and still alive and "nondiabetic" - but why the hell would I WANT to increase carbohydrate???

Dietary guidelines and health—is nutrition science up
to the task?


http://sci-hub.hk/10.1136/bmj.k822

Interesting comments especially from Nina Teicholz

https://www.bmj.com/content/360/bmj.k822/rapid-responses

Nita Forouhi is still fat so it looks like she doesn't know as much as she thinks. Dariush Mozaffarian has done some good stuff but Harvard are heavily financed by Unilever and Bunge hence his championing of industrially produced omega 6 seed oils.

Jason Fung on Diet Wars

https://medium.com/@drjasonfung/diet-wars-992db10afa2e

http://junkscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Microsoft-Word-Red-meat-and-cancer_Final.docx-file1.pdf

title speaks for itself

Not really science but the BDA and DUK would like us to believe it is 


 Nutritional science and dietetic care for people living with diabetes

(1) https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/page/journal/1365277x/homepage/nutritional_science_dietetic_care

(2) https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/page/journal/14645491/homepage/nutritional_science_dietetic_care

Loads of references don't intend to go through them all but this one I recognised: out of 320 dietitians only 21 would consider restricting carbs to below 30%  and just 1 would advise a keto diet 

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jhn.12436

Meanwhile Trisha Greenhalgh has her say on guidelines

Of lamp posts, keys, and fabled drunkards: A perspectival tale of 4 guidelines

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/jep.12925

Thanks I'll look at those later.

Impact of prolonged overfeeding on skeletal muscle
mitochondria in healthy individuals

http://sci-hub.hk/10.1007/s00125-017-4496-8

would be interesting to redo this while overfeeding with carbs, just for shits and giggles

Fructose in perspective

https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/4c93/739e7fd63158735e3246b9fd47d46c6fed4f.pdf

Richard Feinman and Gene Fine

Another nail in the coffin for the lipid hypothesis 

Saturated fats are not the enemy. But processed foods are, according to a new policy statement from the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada.

https://www.theglobeandmail.com/life/health-and-fitness/health/saturated-fats-no-longer-the-true-enemy-experts-say/article26513320/

Andrew Mente among others works at McMasters, they seem a tad more competent than say Harvard, did you see the latest bollocks?

https://twitter.com/DrAseemMalhotra/status/990154974003892225

https://twitter.com/zoeharcombe/status/989872824100839424

That Trisha Greenhalgh article was good. My GP and the one who retired both treat patients while Dr Evidence Based treats statistics.

An oldie from 1962

The Heritage of Corpulence
E. B. ASTWOOD, M.D

http://sci-hub.hk/https://doi.org/10.1210/endo-71-2-337

Lowering the Bar on the Low-Fat Diet

David Ludwig

http://sci-hub.hk/10.1001/jama.2016.15473

A film including Gary Fettke (with transcript)

http://www.abc.net.au/4corners/tipping-the-scales/9712342

Nothing that we don't already know but good to see nevertheless  

A low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) improves liver fat metabolism in NAFLD patients

https://www.cell.com/cell-metabolism/fulltext/S1550-4131(18)30054-8

Ten years of keto 

Conclusions
In contrast to previous short-term reports on adverse effects of KDT, 10-year follow-up did not identify cardiovascular risks of dietary treatment for Glut1D.

https://www.clinicalnutritionjournal.com/article/S0261-5614(17)31399-7/fulltext

A Critical Review of the Consensus Statement from the European Atherosclerosis Society Consensus Panel 2017

Apart from the EAS hypothesis that LDL causes ASCVD, recent pharmacological/biochemical studies, as summarized in this review and elsewhere, have revealed that atherosclerosis is caused by statins taken to lower LDL-C, as well as by warfarin and some types of vegetable fats and oils, in the absence of significantly elevated LDL-C levels. Thus, the promotion of statin treatment by the Statement is rather risky and we do not feel that the conclusions are justified for the prevention of ASCVD.

https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/486374

Hi Graham,
That is been known for a long time and is subject of study between warfarin and the novel anticoagulants.

I think it is because both statin and warfarin are vitamin k antagonists.
Derek.

The first paper

http://sci-hub.hk/10.1093/cid/ciy287

the second one

http://sci-hub.hk/10.1016/j.cmet.2018.01.005

That'll upset the Musclebrain eejit.

Hi guys,
The two discussions with the food scientist on the Fat Emporer site were very interesting and gave a lot more insight into the way the gut deals with food inputs.
D.

The Fat Emperor is brilliant, but I tend to prefer reading to watching videos. Just colour me old fashioned.

Coca Cola vs. science

http://sci-hub.hk/10.1136/jech-2017-210375

A Real Dietician looks at the history of the food pyramid

https://louisestephen.com/2018/05/05/the-dietary-guidelines-experiment-part-1-2-2/

More on hyperinsulinemia and metabolic syndrome

http://sci-hub.tw/10.1016/j.surg.2014.04.028

The science against sugar, alone, is insufficient in tackling the obesity and type 2 diabetes crises – We must also overcome opposition from vested interests
Aseem Malhotra, Grant Schofield, Robert H. Lustig

https://insulinresistance.org/index.php/jir/article/view/39

More from Virta

Cardiovascular disease risk factor
responses to a type 2 diabetes care model
including nutritional ketosis induced
by sustained carbohydrate restriction at 1 year:
an open label, non-randomized, controlled
study

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12933-018-0698-8

chris c wrote:Coca Cola vs. science

http://sci-hub.hk/10.1136/jech-2017-210375

A Real Dietician looks at the history of the food pyramid

https://louisestephen.com/2018/05/05/the-dietary-guidelines-experiment-part-1-2-2/

More on hyperinsulinemia and metabolic syndrome

http://sci-hub.tw/10.1016/j.surg.2014.04.028

The science against sugar, alone, is insufficient in tackling the obesity and type 2 diabetes crises – We must also overcome opposition from vested interests
Aseem Malhotra, Grant Schofield, Robert H. Lustig

https://insulinresistance.org/index.php/jir/article/view/39

More from Virta

Cardiovascular disease risk factor
responses to a type 2 diabetes care model
including nutritional ketosis induced
by sustained carbohydrate restriction at 1 year:
an open label, non-randomized, controlled
study

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12933-018-0698-8

Thanks for your research, Chris. Very interesting information particularly regarding metabolic syndrome.
regards
Derek

Have the Russian hacked into some of those links, Chris? They come up in Russian type script! D.

Eddie the maverick 

Long birder wrote:Have the Russian hacked into some of those links, Chris? They come up in Russian type script! D.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub

Alexandra Elbakyan deserves a Nobel IMNSHO, she has provided open access to many paywalled papers. Academic publishing is a massive scam, authors may have to pay to get their papers published and the readers then have to pay to read them. The publishers rake in the moolah.

Frankly no-one needs to "demean the profession of dietetics", the dieticians manage to do that all by themselves. *cough*outcomes*cough*

Hi all,
Should all diabetics who have hyperinsulinemia be on an ARB.
Insulin hacks the RAAS putting up bp and causes a multiplicity of problems.  Just Google...
Recent study in "Sage May 8 Wolfgang Kopp". D.

That's good

http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1178638818773072

downloadable pdf for free.

Meanwhile

Increased Whole Grain Consumption Does Not Affect Blood Biochemistry, Body Composition, or Gut Microbiology in Healthy, Low-Habitual Whole Grain Consumers

https://academic.oup.com/jn/article/145/2/215/4585691

Oh dear, the dietician hordes and DUK won't like that.

Diet and Nutrition after the PURE study

https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/article/39/17/1503/4987029

they won't like that either

“New” hepatic fat activates PPAR
to maintain glucose, lipid,
and cholesterol homeostasis

https://www.cell.com/cell-metabolism/pdf/S1550-4131(05)00110-5.pdf

they probably won't even understand that one, I'm not sure I do either, will need to reread it. Just goes to show how complicated Real Science is.

Dietary fats and cardiovascular health: a summary
of the scientific evidence and current debate

http://sci-hub.hk/10.1080/09637486.2018.1455813

they definitely won't like that one

The transition to modernity and
chronic disease: mismatch
and natural selection

http://sci-hub.hk/10.1038/s41576-018-0012-3

An interesting look at dietary history

Resolved: There is sufficient scientific evidence that decreasing
sugar-sweetened beverage consumption will reduce the
prevalence of obesity and obesity-related diseases
Frank B. Hu, MD, PhD

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5325726/pdf/nihms846128.pdf

colour me leery of ANYTHING that comes out of Harvard, unless it is by David Ludwig. I bet they make him sit at the Naughty Table. I agree that sugar is Not Good but concentrating on it takes the focus away from other harmful factors. Replace it with starch and I suspect not a lot will change.

Pathways and mechanisms linking dietary components
to cardiometabolic disease: thinking beyond calories

http://sci-hub.hk/10.1111/obr.12699

a get-together organised by Crossfit with some interesting contributions/contributers.

Beyond the Lipid Hypothesis (Part 3): What’s Insulin Got to Do With It?

http://cholesterolcode.com/beyond-the-lipid-hypothesis-insulin/

put together by Siobhan Huggins

The value of HDL higher the better 

Serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol is a protective predictor of executive function in older patients with diabetes mellitus

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/jdi.12865

New from Virta

Reversing the Trend of Diabetes Pharmaceutical Spending with the Virta Treatment

https://blog.virtahealth.com/reversing-the-trend-of-diabetes-pharmaceutical-spending-with-the-virta-treatment/

Ha yes! Similar to the numbers reported by David Unwin and an increasing number of other doctors, including others in the UK. The bottom line is that cash savings may make low carb more viable. Probably a reason for the current massive fightback against it.

This ties in

Identifying positive deviants in healthcare quality and safety: a mixed methods study

http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0141076818772230

positive deviants rule

This might be of interest especially to you, Graham

Lean diabetes mellitus: An emerging entity in the era of obesity

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4434081/

Debunks the dogma that diabetes is caused by obesity and obesity is caused by eating fat. It's a field that definitely requires a lot more research, both into genetic links like mine and other factors like drug induced diabetes and other potential environmental factors.

chris c wrote:Ha yes! Similar to the numbers reported by David Unwin and an increasing number of other doctors, including others in the UK. The bottom line is that cash savings may make low carb more viable. Probably a reason for the current massive fightback against it.

This ties in

Identifying positive deviants in healthcare quality and safety: a mixed methods study

http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0141076818772230

positive deviants rule

This might be of interest especially to you, Graham

Lean diabetes mellitus: An emerging entity in the era of obesity

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4434081/

Debunks the dogma that diabetes is caused by obesity and obesity is caused by eating fat. It's a field that definitely requires a lot more research, both into genetic links like mine and other factors like drug induced diabetes and other potential environmental factors.

Thanks for the link Chris, yes it does require more research but will it be forthcoming that I very much doubt, if you don't fit the T2 stereotype may as well not exist as far as DUK are concerned.

I'm convinced my diabetes was drug induced I've seen a couple of studies that point toward the use of anti depressants as a factor

Quite likely, steroids are #1 culprit but many other drugs may also be causal.

On the other side of that coin, much work shows low carb and especially keto diets to be beneficial against an increasing number of "mental" diseases, not just epilepsy, and some recent work suggests chronic inflammation may be a factor in depression.

A Jim Johnson paper

Mild Suppression of Hyperinsulinemia to
Treat Obesity and Insulin Resistance

http://sci-hub.hk/10.1016/j.tem.2018.03.018

on a similar subject

Ten-year weight gain is associated with elevated fasting insulin levels and
precedes glucose elevation

http://sci-hub.hk/10.1002/dmrr.2986

some excellent folks on Twitter come up with these studies and some of them are even dieticians

An Integrated Understanding of the Rapid Metabolic Benefits of a Carbohydrate-Restricted Diet on Hepatic Steatosis in Humans

https://www.cell.com/cell-metabolism/fulltext/S1550-4131(18)30054-8