Even More Science

Some of these I may have posted already but I can't remember which.

I have been collecting papers from the incredibly prolific Kendrick Crew and from not a few other blogs and Twitter accounts, and finally got around to reading most of them. It's been like going back to college except without the drugs and beer.

Terminal cluelessness by the Usual Suspects, including DUK.

https://twitter.com/zoeharcombe/status/897038655356841985

Back in the day "Double Diabetes" was rare and usually caused by eg. steroid use, or the long term damage from misdiagnosing Type 1 as Type 2 and failing to control it with the usual Type 2 drugs before finally going on to the appropriate insulin.

Now I've read from several sources that it has become quite common for Type 1s to develop IR and go on to have all kinds of highly profitable Type 2 drugs prescribed along with their insulin - it used to be that metformin along with an LC diet usually sufficed.

Zoe even posts this paper

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3671104/

and DUK denies it.

Now I have this to read

http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/31/Supplement_2/S262

A couple looking at high fat vs. high carb diets

http://ajcn.nutrition.org/content/77/1/43.full

http://sci-hub.bz/10.3945/ajcn.115.123463

CVD risk even in "prediabetes"

http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/diacare/early/2013/09/16/dc13-1374.full.pdf

DON'T spike that glucose whatever your doctor, or Giles Yeo, tells you about it being "perfectly normal"

Are you sure you want to eat those "heart healthy" vegetable oils?

http://www.jbc.org/content/287/14/11398.short

Are you quite sure?

http://m.ajpheart.physiology.org/content/287/6/H2518.long?view=long&pmid=15284064

More from PURE

http://sci-hub.bz/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.117.308903

http://sci-hub.bz/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.117.311849

Some more about "cholesterol"

http://sci-hub.bz/10.2165/11319590-000000000-00000

http://atvb.ahajournals.org/content/17/12/3542.long

lots of great links including Ron Krauss & co.

http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/118/20/2047.long

Krauss himself, from 1988

http://sci-hub.bz/10.1001/jama.1988.03410130125037

http://cholesterolcode.com/beyond-the-lipid-hypothesis-plaque-development/

The whole cholesterolcode blog is worth a read, there's a whole lot of stuff going on while no-one is looking!

If I ever find time I'm going to use Sci-Hub to finally read some of the classic Gerald Reaven and Krauss etc. papers which are STILL paywalled decades after they were published. Clearly They don't want you to know this stuff.

Does the evidence support population-wide screening for type 2 diabetes? No

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00125-017-4393-1

Maybe it would be worthwhile if they stopped telling diabetics to eat more starch and a low fat diet. Just a thought.

Insulin Resistance and Hyperinsulinemia

http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/31/Supplement_2/S262

Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators

Prevent the cause, not just the symptoms

http://sci-hub.bz/10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2011.07.003

more from the always excellent Bill Lands

Dietary Intervention for Overweight and Obese Adults: Comparison of Low-Carbohydrate and Low-Fat Diets. A Meta-Analysis

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4618935/

Relative Intake of Macronutrients Impacts Risk of Mild Cognitive Impairment or dementia

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3494735/#!po=33.8710

hint: what diet are old folks routinely given especially in care homes? High carb low fat low protein.

While the Dietician Hordes and their vegan pals and Conventional Wisdom doctors are busily trashing PURE, they should look behind them

Food consumption and the actual statistics of cardiovascular diseases: an epidemiological comparison of 42 European countries

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5040825/

this was from last year

"Conclusion
Our results do not support the association between CVDs and saturated fat, which is still contained in official dietary guidelines. Instead, they agree with data accumulated from recent studies that link CVD risk with the high glycaemic index/load of carbohydrate-based diets. In the absence of any scientific evidence connecting saturated fat with CVDs, these findings show that current dietary recommendations regarding CVDs should be seriously reconsidered."

"Irrespective of the possible limitations of the ecological study design, the undisputable finding of our paper is the fact that the highest CVD prevalence can be found in countries with the highest carbohydrate consumption, whereas the lowest CVD prevalence is typical of countries with the highest intake of fat and protein. The polarity between these geographical patterns is striking"

I expect absolutely nothing to change.

A few more from various sources

http://www.molmetab.com/article/S2212-8778(17)30194-1/fulltext?rss=yes

Hmmm, now I wonder how else you can affect glucagon and leptin. It's on the tip of my tongue. Basically looks like a complex and profitable way to induce the effects of a low carb diet without actually eating a low carb diet.

A great piece of history looking at MToR and what it actually does

http://www.pnas.org/content/114/45/11818.full

"The mechanisms that regulate organismal growth and coordinate it with the availability of nutrients were unknown until a few decades ago. We now know that one pathway—the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway—is the major nutrient-sensitive regulator of growth in animals and plays a central role in physiology, metabolism, the aging process, and common diseases. This work describes the development of the mTOR field, from its origins in studies into the mechanism of action of the drug rapamycin to our increasingly sophisticated understanding of how nutrients are sensed."

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4363366/

You can't outrun a bad diet, but exercise may help against inflammation. Of course so might NOT eating inflammatory quantities of "vegetable" oils.

Interesting stuff about the timing of endocrine responses over the course of a day

http://sci-hub.bz/10.1038/nrendo.2014.78

An interesting look at new ways to explain diabetes, without mentioning carbohydrate once

http://sci-hub.bz/10.1016/j.tem.2017.05.005

"Disclaimer Statement
S.S.S. is a speaker and advisor to Novo Nordisk, Merck, Takeda, Johnson & Johnson, Astra-Zeneca/Bristol-Myers
Squibb, Eli Lilly and Company, Boehringer Ingelheim/Eli Lilly and Company, and is a speaker for Eisai and GlaxoSmithKline.
J.R.G. has received consultant fees from Abbott Diabetes Care, Intarcia Pharmaceuticals, Astra Zeneca, and Novo
Nordisk; and has served on the advisory boards of Janssen Pharmaceuticals and Astra Zeneca, and on the speaker’s
bureaus of Astra Zeneca, Janssen, and Boehringer Ingelheim/Eli Lilly and Company. R.B.A. sits on the advisory board and
speaker’s bureaus of Eli Lilly and Company, Boehringer Ingelheim, Janssen, and Takeda. No potential conflicts of interest
relevant to this article were reported."

Well that explains a lot. Barbara Corkey is usually more sensible, she's about the only author here without any COI.

Oh look, the BDA who go apeshit when anyone "cuts out entire food groups" like grains or sugar, yet encourage avoidance of fat and meat, come clean

https://www.bda.uk.com/about/workwithus/bda_and_vegan_society_mou

Stay strong, and eat your protein

http://ajcn.nutrition.org/content/84/3/475.long

Don't trash your mitochondria

http://www.jbc.org/content/284/21/14087.full

This look a bit like low carb in a pill

http://www.clinsci.org/content/131/20/2489

The paradoxical nature of hunter-gatherer diets: meat-based, yet non-atherogenic

https://www.nature.com/articles/1601353

Ummm . . . guys, it's not a paradox, it's EVIDENCE!

Haven't read this one yet, it's 58 pages long

Imbalanced insulin action in chronic over nutrition: Clinical harm,
molecular mechanisms, and a way forward

http://www.atherosclerosis-journal.com/article/S0021-9150(16)30048-X/fulltext

Human fatty acid synthesis is stimulated by a eucaloric low fat, high carbohydrate diet.

from 1996, by Marc Hellerstein and Jules Hirsch among others. Your dietician will NOT know this twenty years later

https://www.jci.org/articles/view/118645

She won't have heard of this either - Richard Feinman and Jeff Volek, and includes a list of many excellent references - from 2005

Carbohydrate restriction improves the features of Metabolic Syndrome. Metabolic Syndrome may be defined by the response to carbohydrate restriction

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1323303/

or this, from Kaiser Permanente

Study of the Use of Lipid Panels as a Marker of Insulin Resistance to Determine Cardiovascular Risk

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4625988/

or this

Insulin resistance is associated with increased cholesterol synthesis, decreased cholesterol absorption and enhanced lipid response to statin therapy

http://www.atherosclerosis-journal.com/article/S0021-9150(10)00170-X/fulltext

or this

Regulation of low-density lipoprotein subfractions by carbohydrates

http://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/73838/2/Regulation_of_low-density_lipoportein-PhG.pdf

Meanwhile, these have been made Open Access until the end of the month, but I don't expect carbohydrate will be mentioned much

https://www.nature.com/content/wdd2017/index.html?WT.mc_id=TWT_DIABETESDAY_1117_SRG

World Diabetes Day $$$$$